Every organization that runs equipment needs spare parts. All of them must cope with issues that are generic no matter what their business. Some of the problems, however, are industry specific. This post discusses one universal problem that manifested in a nuclear plant and one that is especially acute for any electric utility.
The Universal Problem of Data Quality
We often post about the benefits of converting parts usage data into smart inventory management decisions. Advanced probability modeling supports generation of realistic demand scenarios that feed into detailed Monte Carlo simulations that expose the consequences of decisions such as choices of Min and Max governing the replenishment of spares.
However, all that new and shiny analytical tech requires quality data as fuel for the analysis. For some public utilities of all kinds, record keeping is not a strong suit, so the raw material going into analysis can be corrupted and misleading. We recently chanced upon documentation of a stark example of this problem at a nuclear power plant (see Scala, Needy and Rajgopal: Decision making and tradeoffs in the management of spare parts inventory at utilities. American Association of Engineering Management, 30th ASEM National Conference, Springfield, MO. October 2009). Scala et al. documented the usage history of a critical part whose absence would result in either a facility de-rate or a shutdown. The plant’s usage record for that part spanned more than eight years of data. During that time, the official usage history reported nine events in which positive demand occurred with sizes ranging from one to six units each. There were also five events marked by negative demands (i.e., returns to warehouse) ranging from one to three units each. Careful sleuthing discovered that the true usage occurred in just two events, both with demand of two units. Obviously, calculating the best Min/Max values for this item requires accurate demand data.
The Special Problem of Health and Safety
In the context of “regular” businesses, shortages of spare parts can damage both current revenue and future revenue (related to reputation as a reliable supplier). For an electric utility, however, Scala et al. noted a much greater level of consequence attached to stockouts of spare parts. These include not only a heightened financial and reputational risk but also risks to health and safety: “Ramifications of not having a part in stock include the possibility of having to reduce output or quite possibly, even a plant shut down. From a more long-term perspective, doing so might interrupt the critical service of power to residential, commercial, and/or industrial customers, while damaging the company’s reputation, reliability, and profitability. An electric utility makes and sells only one product: electricity. Losing the ability to sell electricity can be seriously damaging to the company’s bottom line as well its long-term viability.”
All the more reason for electric utilities to be leaders rather than laggards in the deployment of the most advanced probability models for demand forecasting and inventory optimization.
Soluciones de software para la planificación de repuestos
El software de previsión de piezas de servicio de Smart IP&O utiliza un método empírico único de pronóstico probabilístico , que está diseñado para la demanda intermitente. Para piezas de repuesto consumibles, nuestro método patentado y ganador del premio APICS genera rápidamente decenas de miles de escenarios de demanda sin depender de las suposiciones sobre la naturaleza de las distribuciones de demanda implícitas en los métodos de pronóstico tradicionales. El resultado son estimaciones muy precisas del stock de seguridad, los puntos de pedido y los niveles de servicio, lo que conduce a niveles de servicio más altos y costos de inventario más bajos. Para repuestos reparables el Módulo de Reparación y Devolución de Smart simula con precisión los procesos de avería y reparación de piezas. Predice el tiempo de inactividad, los niveles de servicio y los costos de inventario asociados con el grupo de repuestos rotativo actual. Los planificadores sabrán cuántos repuestos almacenar para lograr los requisitos de nivel de servicio a corto y largo plazo y, en entornos operativos, si deben esperar a que se completen las reparaciones y se vuelvan a poner en servicio o comprar repuestos de servicio adicionales de los proveedores, evitando compras innecesarias y tiempo de inactividad del equipo.
Comuníquese con nosotros para obtener más información sobre cómo esta funcionalidad ha ayudado a nuestros clientes en los sectores de MRO, eléctricas, servicios públicos, minería y transporte público a optimizar su inventario. También puede descargar el documento informativo aquí.
Lo que necesita saber sobre la previsión y la planificación de piezas de servicio
Este documento describe la metodología patentada de Smart Software para pronosticar la demanda, las existencias de seguridad y los puntos de pedido de artículos tales como repuestos y componentes con demanda intermitente, y brinda varios ejemplos de clientes de éxito.